What is Computer
What is a Computer? – What is Computer in Hindi?
- A computer is a machine that follows the instructions given by the user and processes these instructions and provides output.
- In other words, "A computer is an electronic device that takes a user-given instruction or command as input and processes this instruction to provide an output."
- The main job of a computer is to perform calculations, store and process data.
- The full name of the computer is Common Operating Machine Purposely Used for Technological and Educational Research (Common Operating Machine Purposely Used for Technological and Educational Research).
- The word computer originates from the English word compute which means 'to calculate'.
- The computer was invented by 'Charles Babbage'. That's why Charles Babbage is also called the 'father of computers'.
- We can use computers to play games, study, type documents, watch videos and run the internet.
- A computer is a machine that can work for a very long time without getting tired. Humans cannot work continuously for long periods of time and need rest. But the computer works for a long time without getting tired and without making mistakes.
- Computer is called 'Computer' in Hindi.
Functioning of Computers
There are three steps for the computer to work:-
- Input – Input is the process in which instructions or commands are given to the computer by the user.
- Process – In this step, the computer processes the instructions.
- Output – In this step, the computer provides the output to the user.
Features of Computer in Hindi
1:- Speed (गति)
The speed of working of the computer is very fast. Computers do things much faster than humans. It can complete more than one lakh tasks in a second. A human takes 1 to 2 minutes to multiply and divide while a computer can complete multiplication in less than 1 second.
2. Acureand (exactly)
The computer completes any work without making mistakes. Man makes a lot of mistakes in doing a work while a computer completes its task without making a mistake.
3:- Reliable
The computer is very reliable. No matter how many times we give input to the computer, the computer will always provide us with the right output. That's why we trust computers more than humans.
4:- Memory
The memory of the computer is very powerful. We can't remember all the things but the computer remembers everything without forgetting it. There are two types of computer memory – the first is 'primary memory' and the second is 'secondary memory'.
5:- Diligence
The computer can work for years without getting tired. Computers are very hardworking. A person gets tired after working for a short time while the computer does not get tired.
6:- Easy
Computers are very easy to use and we can learn it in a very short time.
7:- Automation
A computer is an automated machine. It fulfills its functions by itself. Once it starts its work, it completes it without the help of any human being.
8:- No Feeling (भावनाहीन)
Computers do not have any feelings like humans. So it doesn't do any work by getting carried away by emotion.
9:- No Intelligence
Computers do not have the power to think on their own like humans. It performs its function based solely on programming. It doesn't have a brain.
10:– Privacy
In the computer, we can store our personal information. We can lock our computer using a password in the computer, and no one else can use your computer without a password.
Types of Computers in Hindi
There are many types of computers, which are given below:-
1- Micro Computer
A microcomputer is a computer that can only be used by one person at a time. The size of this computer is quite small.
It is much smaller than mini and mainframe computers. It is lightweight and also quite cheap.
Microcomputer is multitasking, which means that the user can do a lot of tasks at a time in this computer such as running the Internet, working in Word and listening to songs etc. Some popular examples of this – laptops, smart phones, tablets, etc.
2- Mini Computer
Mini is a special type of computer whose size is neither too small nor too big. This computer is larger than a microcomputer but smaller than a mainframe computer.
It is a multi-user computer. This means that this computer can be used by one or more users at a time. Apart from this, it is also a multi-tasking computer, that is, more than one task can be done at a time in this computer.
Examples of minicomputers: IBM AS/400, and Honeywell 200 etc.
3- Mainframe Computer
The size of a mainframe computer is quite large and is used to store a large amount of data. The mainframe computer has a higher capacity to work. Its size is larger than mini and microcomputer.
It is a multi-user computer, so it can be used by more than one user at a time. This computer was invented by IBM (International Business Model) in the 1950s.
This computer is used to store a large amount of data in big companies and government offices. However, these computers are also very expensive. Examples of: IBM zSeries, System z9 etc.
4- Analog Computer
An analog computer is a computer that is used to process analog data. It is useful for measuring physical quantities. It is used to measure electric current, intensity, and resistance.
We also use this computer in our daily life. For example– refrigerators, speedometers, etc.
5- Digital Computer
The computer that processes digital data is called a digital computer. It is a computer that uses binary numbers (0, 1) to do any work.
This computer is used to store a large amount of data. The working speed of this computer is high and its performance is also very good.
In modern times, digital computers are used for many tasks such as – to do calculations, to store data, to transfer data, etc. Some popular examples of this – calculators, Apple Macs, IBM PCs, etc.
6- Hybrid Computer
A computer that includes the characteristics of both digital and analog computers. It's called a hybrid computer.
Hybrid computers are designed to combine digital and analog computers. This computer is mostly used to solve complex calculations.
Hybrid computers are also used in petrol pumps, airplanes, hospitals and scientific works. Examples of hybrid computers – speedometer, thermometer, auto gasoline pump etc.
7- Super Computer
A supercomputer is a computer whose size is quite large and it is considered to be the largest computer in the world. These computers are very fast which complete their tasks in a very short time.
Supercomputers are used to process large amounts of data. This computer is considered to be the most powerful computer in the world because the performance of the processor of this computer is very good.
Thousands of processors are connected to each other in the supercomputer, due to which it is able to do any work at a fast pace.
This computer is used to carry out scientific and engineering related tasks such as: weather forecasting, and research etc. Some popular examples of this are:- PARAM 8000, and NUDT Tianhe-2 etc.
8- Workstation
A workstation is a special type of computer that is used to complete tasks such as engineering design, animation rendering, 3D graphics, and video editing.
The storage capacity of the workstation is very high, due to which it is able to store a large amount of data. This computer does all the work at a fast speed because it has a fast microprocessor.
This computer can be used by only one user at a time. The workstation is also used to do video editing and 3D animation. This computer gives the user very accurate data. Some examples of this are: Unix-based Sun, Compaq, etc.
9- Personal Computer
It is a small and inexpensive computer that is used to complete personal tasks such as completing assignments, watching movies, playing games, browsing, completing projects, etc.
Read it in detail:- What are the types of computers?
Applications of Computer in Hindi
It has the following uses, which are explained below:-
1- Medical (Health)
Computers are used in health-related fields. In modern times, patients' illness is detected using computers. Computers are used in hospitals to perform ultrasounds, blood tests, CT scans and MRIs of patients.
Apart from this, computers are also used to do X-rays, and monitor patients. It also helps in measuring the heart rate of patients.
2- Communication (संचार)
Computers are also used for communication. Computers are a popular choice for communicating in today's time.
Using a computer, the user can do video conferencing sitting at home, transfer data from one place to another and hold meetings sitting at home. The user can use services like Skype and Zoom to do video conferencing from home.
3- Home (घर)
It is used to complete many tasks in the home such as – to pay online, to play games, to watch movies, etc. Apart from this, computers are also used by students to create projects, to study.
4- Science and Engineering
Supercomputers are used in the field of science and engineering. It helps in making new discoveries in computer science. Apart from this, supercomputers are also used to predict the weather, to measure the intensity of earthquakes.
Scientists and engineers use computers to collect data, analyze and store that data.
5- Industry
Computers are used in large companies to manage inventory, for interior design, for designing product samples, and for video conferences.
6- Online Marketing
In modern times, computers are also used to do online marketing. Small and big businesses sell their products online with the help of computers and earn very good profits. Online marketing is also called digital marketing.
7– Game (खेल)
कंप्यूटर गेमर्स के लिए काफी लोकप्रिय होते है। कंप्यूटर का इस्तेमाल gamers के द्वारा ऑनलाइन और ऑफलाइन गेम खेलने के लिए भी किया जाता है। कंप्यूटर की स्क्रीन काफी बड़ी होती है जिसकी वजह से गेम खेलते वक़्त यूजर को अच्छा अनुभव प्राप्त होता है।
8– Bank (बैंक)
कंप्यूटर का इस्तेमाल बैंक में भी किया जाता है। बैंको में कंप्यूटर का उपयोग पैसो को ट्रांसफर और पैसो को जमा करने के लिए किया जाता है।
9– Art (कला)
इसका इस्तेमाल कला के क्षेत्र में भी किया जाता है। कंप्यूटर का उपयोग करके हम चित्रों को बना सकते है , ग्राफ़िक्स डिज़ाइन कर सकते है और वीडियो को एडिट कर सकते है।
10– Entertainment (मनोरंजन)
Computers are also used to watch movies online, listen to songs, and play games. In modern times, computers are a popular means of entertaining.
Advantages of Computer in Hindi
The following are its advantages:-
1- Easy To Use
Computers are quite easy to use. It doesn't require much technical knowledge to use it.
2- Multitasking
It's multitasking. That is, the computer can easily complete more than one task at a time.
3- High Speed
Computers are very fast, due to which they complete all their tasks in a very short time. Because it works at a fast pace, due to which the user saves a lot of time.
4- Accuracy
It gives the user very accurate results. Computers are capable of solving the most complex calculations easily.
5- Storage
The storage capacity of the computer is very high, due to which it can store a large amount of data.
6- Reduce Paperwork.
All the work in the computer is digital, due to which paper is used in a very small amount in the computer. It also plays an important role in saving trees because paper is made only with the help of trees.
7- Productivity
It increases productivity. Computers can do more work than humans. The computer can work continuously 24/7 hours a day.
Disadvantages of Computer in Hindi
The disadvantages are given below:-
1- Cyber Crime
There is always a risk of cybercrime in computers. Cybercrime means committing a crime through the Internet. Nowadays computers are also used to steal data, fraud with logos, and blackmail logos.
2- Virus (वायरस)
There is always a risk of viruses entering the computer, the virus enters the computer and deletes the data, steals the data and misuses that data.
3- No Mind
Computers do not have the power to think like we humans. The computer cannot make any decisions on its own or perform any tasks on its own. It will only perform as many functions as the user commands.
4- Human Dependent
A human being is needed to run a computer because the computer cannot turn on its own.
5- Health Issues
By running the computer continuously, the user may have to face problems related to the body such as headache, back pain, pain in the fingers and weakness of the eye.
6- Expensive
Computers are very expensive and it costs a lot of money to maintain them.
7- Addiction (लत)
Using a computer in excess leads to computer addiction. People sit in front of the computer all day and play games, watch videos.
How many generations are there for a computer?
There are 5 generations of computers:-
| small stool or pedestal | time | technique |
|---|---|---|
| First generation | From 1940 to 1956 | Vacuum Tube |
| Second generation | From 1956 to 1963 | transistor |
| Third generation | From 1964 to 1971 | IC (Integrated Circuit) |
| Fourth generation | From 1971 to 1985 | microprocessor |
| Fifth generation | Currently present | AI (Artificial Intelligence) |
Read these:
- How many generations of computers are there?
- Computer block diagram
- What are the functions of a computer?
- History of Computers
A computer is an electronic machine. Which is usually used for technical and academic research. By the way, the computer is called SANGANAK and Programmable Machine in Hindi. A computer works with much greater speed and accuracy than humans when performing mathematical calculations. Computers can process millions (1,000,000) of instructions per second.
Charles Babbage is considered the "Father of Computers".
The main function of a computer is to provide output according to the input given by the user and to bring reliability, accuracy and accuracy to the output given results. The function of a computer is also to solve large numbers at a fast pace.
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